Annabelle Lever Oct. 2020 Professeure des Universités, Sciences Po, Paris. Sept. 2017 – PAST, Sciences Po, Paris et Chercheuse Permanente, CEVIPOF. (Centre de recherches politiques de Sciences Po)

Identifiants chercheurs

IdHAL :

annabelle-lever

ORCID :

0000-0002-3756-1835

IdRef :

16355577X

Présentation

Current Research categories/Topics (sections on motivation, objectives, outcomes/activities)

DEMOCRACY, Equality and the Ethics of VotingMy research here is a development of older work on compulsory voting and the secret ballot, that led me to wonder whether we should vote for ‘the common good’? As in most things, there seem to be multiple, partly conflicting, ethical demands that we need to consider when voting – whether we look at elections from the perspective of ‘ideal theory’ or, as I usually do, from a more realistic perspective. Yet much of the academic literature makes it sound as though the only right way is to vote for the ‘common good’ of one’s fellow citizens. The reason for this position is the assumption that the alternative is to vote on one’s self-interest. That assumption, however, is not persuasive, because we can easily imagine more cosmopolitan, egalitarian, environmentally-aware and future-generations-conscious ways of voting between privileging the good of one’s fellow citizens and focusing only on one’s own good. So, in considering whether people have a duty to vote, whether they should vote openly rather than secretly, and whether it would be better to replace the practice of elections and voting with lotteries, it is as well to consider the complexity of the choices that people face as voters. Links to different papers

In fact, part of the point of REDEM, the European Research project which I lead (2019 -22) was, precisely, to explore that complexity in light of mounting alienation from electoral politics throughout the EU and differentially rates of electoral abstention which mean that the young vote at rates much lower than the old, and that poorer, less-educated voters vote much less frequently than their wealthier and educationally advantaged peers. If voting can be ethically demanding and morally painful for anyone, it is often voters on the left, rather than the political right who are asked to ‘hold their noses’ and to vote for a candidate that they really don’t like in order to avoid the accession to office of someone much worse. If so, the unequal distribution of the moral burdens of voting may itself be a factor in explaining differential patterns of abstention; and the frequency of those demands may play a role in permanently alienating people from electoral politics. Because voters are moral agents, not just the point at which different social forces intersect, attention to the ethics of voting can illuminate voters behaviour and highlight the interplay between social inequalities, institutional constraints (including constitutional ones) and the political outcomes. Link to Redem

My research in this area now concerns the relationship between the right to vote and the right to stand as a representative of others, and the way that this underappreciated, but important, democratic right ought to shape the ways we think about the rights of citizens as voters, as well as representatives. In due course, I hope to explore its implications for the relationship between voters, candidates and parties, and for the way we think about the funding of electoral politics in democracies. Links…

I have just written (and published) a bunch of papers on democracy, sortition and elections, focusing particularly on the conceptions of equality and accountability at stake in the ways we understand democracy. links As a result of this work, I am now particularly interested in thinking about what democratic citizens can be accountable to each other for doing, or failing to do as voters, as jurors, as members of different deliberative and advisory bodies and as elected representatives. Link

Finally, I am trying to get a better sense of the demands of formal equality in legal and political contexts, given that the demands of procedural equality have to be sensitive to the substantive differences between democratic and undemocratic government – though it will probably take me quite a while to make progress in this area!

My hope is that the collections of papers and talks that make up my research in this area will eventually become part of a book that links my early work on the ethics of voting – largely motivated by questions about the value of privacy for democratic government – to a body of research focused on the ethics and politics of democratic elections, which has occupied me in the past few years.

Satire and DemocracyMy research here was motivated by the murder of Samuel Paty – a French teacher who had shown some satirical cartoons of Mohamed to students in his civics class in ‘collège’. I was struck by the fact that immediate debate after his murder – as after the murders of the cartoonists associated with the satirical magazine, Charlie Hebdo, was dominated by talk about freedom, equality, toleration and the like, but had nothing specifically to say about the particular type of expression at issue – namely, satirical cartoons. And so, over the past few years, I have developed a research project, along with a relatively informal network of other scholars, to try to understand the challenges that satire poses for democracies – particularly in the age of the internet. So far, my contribution to that project has largely consisted in grant-writing and I still have to write up my ideas in other forms. However, in October 2022 we held a conference on satire and democracy link which, I hope, will be the first of several, and the grant which made that possible has also funded some interdisciplinary research that will be appearing on the site shortly.My own interest is in the duties of politicians – as distinct from teachers, cartoonists, parents, readers – to foster dialogue and the search for mutual understanding, despite bitter substantive disagreement about the value of satire and the forms that it can take in a democracy. In France, we hear a great deal about the duties of everyone except politicians in this matter. Yet as conflict over satire has been a feature of European politics since the start of the ‘Rushdie Affair’ in 1988, we might expect our politicians to expect continuing conflict in this area, and to consider what forms of state-supported representation, dialogue and public deliberation might be used to pre-empt, as well as to respond to it. As in economic and other matters, basic rights and duties set a framework withing which collective solutions to common problems must be explored. I am therefore doubtful that getting the right conception of ‘laicité’, or some other value, will be sufficient to determine how democracies should handle satire – and am therefore interested in exploring the way the moral and political shape the different ways we can think about, and regulate satirical expression democratically.

Methodology, Democracy and EqualityI have long been interested in the methodological implications of valuing democracy, and the different ways in which we can organise societies democratically. Link I have now taught an MA seminar on methodology and epistemology for many years, varying the content from year to year – although core elements of the course always include weeks on thought experiments and what social scientists might call ‘comparative’ methods; on internal critique and interpretive reconstruction, as well as on the challenges of thinking about race and gender and their relationship to each other. Issues of methodology affect the ways I think about constitutionalism and its relationship to democracy, as well as topics such as racial profiling, or freedom of religion. Link

However, methodological challenges are now figuring in my work in a rather different way – through my collaboration with Lou Safra, a cognitive scientist who is a member of Cevipof, the research lab at Sciences Po, of which I am a member. Our work together started during the pandemic, based on our exasperation with ways of thinking about the Covid as an exogenous threat to our societies whose ravages had nothing to do with the types of society we are, the ways in which we typically organise work and travel, or access to leisure, food, healthcare and the like. Link Since then, however, we have started to explore other questions related to citizens’ relationship to each other - in particular, to their ability to see and treat each other as equals.

One of the frustrating things about being a political theorist is that it is often hard to find data on things that would illuminate the issues you are interested in because social scientists and historians are often indifferent to the particular issue that, from a philosophical perspective, it would be especially desirable to know more about. One area where this lack is particularly painful for me – and where I am still seeking research partners – is on the experience of women in Switzerland who lived through the change from a constitutional, but undemocratic, government to one that was constitutional and democratic. What getting the vote meant to them then, and what in retrospect, they think its significance is strikes me as something that might really help philosophers and social scientists to think about the value of democratic voting rights – and better to understand the relationship between constitutional government and the protection of civil rights and democratic rights to vote and be a politician.

However, there is much that we don’t understand about the way people think about each other as political agents and political subjects. And so what we are exploring now, is the scope for online experiments to illuminate people’s conceptions of their responsibilities to each other and of their political capacities and skills. Link Empirical information – let alone experimental information – is unlikely to resolve any matter of philosophical interest. But it can help us to see whether the sorts of psychological assumptions, often implicit and unacknowledged in political and philosophical research, are likely to be well-founded, and to tease out the different factors that may be affecting people’s behaviour, self-conceptions, relationships. In short, experimental research, along with other social scientific research, can prod us to refine our concepts, explore different ways of understanding basic values and can suggest new lines of social-theoretic explanation. In turn, philosophy can motivate and, hopefully, contribute to more experimental forms of political analysis. Hopefully, putting the pieces together will provide substantively interesting, as well as methodologically fruitful ways of exploring the interplay between the personal and the political characteristic of democratic politics.

Publications

Article dans une revue (51)

Review of Dimitri Landa and Ryan Pevnick's REPRESENTATIVE DEMOCRACY: A JUSTIFICATION (OUP 2025) Annabelle Lever ETHICS: An International Journal of Social, Political and Legal Philosophy, In press, 137 (1) Article dans une revue hal-05587903v1
Introduction: democratic ethics and voting Annabelle Lever,Attila Mráz Critical Review of International Social and Political Philosophy, 2025, 28 (5), pp.729-736. ⟨10.1080/13698230.2025.2524977⟩ Article dans une revue hal-05236494v1
A new way to serve democracy: recruiting poll workers and electoral participation Andreas Brøgger Albertsen,Annabelle Lever Critical Review of International Social and Political Philosophy, 2025, 28, pp.866 - 885. ⟨10.1080/13698230.2025.2524984⟩ Article dans une revue hal-05236495v1
Lottocracy: For and Against Annabelle Lever European Journal of Political Theory, 2025, ⟨10.1177/14748851251380538⟩ Article dans une revue (compte-rendu de lecture) hal-05485827v1
Democracy and the Ethics of Voting Annabelle Lever Critical Review of International Social and Political Philosophy, 2024, pp.1-17. ⟨10.1080/13698230.2024.2426113⟩ Article dans une revue hal-04774545v1
Egalité démocratique et tirage au sort Chiara Destri,Annabelle Lever Raison-publique.fr : arts, politique, société, 2023, 26, pp.63-79 Article dans une revue hal-04168637v1
Review of Yves Sintomer's The Government of Chance: Sortition from Athens to the Present Annabelle Lever European Political Science, 2023, online first Article dans une revue hal-04214685v1
The Circumstances of Democracy&quot;: Why Random Selection Is Not Better Than Elections if We Value Political Equality and Privacy Annabelle Lever Washington University Review of Philosophy, 2023, 2023 (3), pp.100-115 Article dans une revue hal-04214708v1
Democracy: Should We Replace Elections With Random Selection? Annabelle Lever Danish Yearbook of Philosophy, 2023, 56 (2), ⟨10.1163/24689300-bja10042⟩ Article dans une revue hal-03891035v2
Random Selection, Democracy and Citizen Expertise Annabelle Lever Res Publica, 2023, ⟨10.1007/s11158-023-09589-0⟩ Article dans une revue hal-04055092v1
Democracy and Truth Annabelle Lever Raisons politiques, 2021, Pragmatism and Epistemic Democracy, 81, pp.29 - 38. ⟨10.3917/rai.081.0029⟩ Article dans une revue hal-04168683v1
Plaidoyer pour la déconstruction Annabelle Lever Telos [France], 2021 Article dans une revue hal-03905004v1
Intro Special Issue: Pragmatism and Epistemic Democracy Annabelle Lever,Dominik Gerber Raison-publique.fr : arts, politique, société, 2021 Article dans une revue hal-03925651v1
Rethinking the Epidemiogenic Power of Modern Western Societies Annabelle Lever,Lou Safra Frontiers in Sociology, 2021, 6, pp.638777. ⟨10.3389/fsoc.2021.638777⟩ Article dans une revue hal-03551816v1
Pragmatism and Epistemic Democracy Introduction Annabelle Lever,Dominik Gerber Raisons politiques, 2021, Pragmatism and Epistemic Democracy, 81, pp.5 - 10. ⟨10.3917/rai.081.0005⟩ Article dans une revue hal-04168686v1
A Sense of Proportion: some thoughts on equality, security and justice Annabelle Lever Res Publica, 2020, 26 (3), pp.357-371. ⟨10.1007/s11158-020-09450-8⟩ Article dans une revue hal-02893977v1
Towards a Democracy-Centred Ethics Annabelle Lever Critical Review of International Social and Political Philosophy, 2019, 22 (1), pp.18-33. ⟨10.1080/13698230.2017.1403120⟩ Article dans une revue hal-03457762v1
le mot 'race': un débat français Annabelle Lever Analyse Opinion Critique, 2019 Article dans une revue hal-03891038v1
Privacy and Photography: Interview with Camille Simon, photo ed; L'Obs Annabelle Lever Source, 2018 Article dans une revue hal-03891040v1
Privacy and Photography Annabelle Lever Source, 2018, 96, pp.14 Article dans une revue hal-03570967v1
Democracy, Epistemology and the Problem of All-White Juries Annabelle Lever Journal of Applied Philosophy, 2017, 34 (4), pp.541-556. ⟨10.1111/japp.12203⟩ Article dans une revue hal-02506495v1
Review of 'Law and the philosophy of privacy' By Janice Richardson Annabelle Lever Contemporary Political Theory, 2017, 16 (3), pp.402-404. ⟨10.1057/s41296-016-0019-5⟩ Article dans une revue hal-02506470v1
Democratic Epistemology and Democratic Morality: The Appeal and Challenges of Peircean Pragmatism Annabelle Lever,Clayton Chin Critical Review of International Social and Political Philosophy, 2017, 22 (4), pp.432-453. ⟨10.1080/13698230.2017.1357411⟩ Article dans une revue hal-02506462v1
Democratic Equality and Freedom of Religion: Beyond Coercion v. Persuasion Annabelle Lever Filosofia e questioni pubbliche, 2016, 6 (1) Article dans une revue hal-03567910v1
Review of 'White Privilege and Black Rights: The injustice of U.S,. Police Racial Profiling and Homicide' By Naomi Zack Annabelle Lever Ethics, 2016 Article dans une revue hal-03571116v1
Review of 'Luck Egalitarianism' By Kasper Lippert-Rasmussen Annabelle Lever Notre Dame Philosophical Reviews, 2016 Article dans une revue hal-03567826v1
Privacy and Democracy Annabelle Lever Law, Culture and the Humanities, 2015, 11 (2), pp.164 - 183 Article dans une revue hal-02506497v1
Democracy and epistemology: a reply to Talisse Annabelle Lever Critical Review of International Social and Political Philosophy, 2015, 18 (1), pp.74-81. ⟨10.1080/13698230.2014.995502⟩ Article dans une revue hal-02506474v1
When the Philosopher Enters the Room Annabelle Lever Journal of Philosophy and Public Issues, 2014, 4 (3), pp.7 - 19 Article dans une revue hal-02506473v1
Taxation, Conscientious Objection and Religious Freedom Annabelle Lever Ethical Perspectives, 2013, 20 (1), pp.144 - 153 Article dans une revue hal-02506489v1
Privacy, Private Property and Collective Property Annabelle Lever Good Society, 2012, 21 (1), pp.47 - 60. ⟨10.1353/gso.2012.0009⟩ Article dans une revue hal-03473820v1
Democracy and Truth Annabelle Lever Raisons politiques, 2011 Article dans une revue hal-03925635v1
Treating People as Equals Annabelle Lever Journal of Ethics, 2011, 15 (1-2), pp.61 - 78. ⟨10.1007/s10892-010-9094-7⟩ Article dans une revue istex hal-03415482v1
Compulsory Voting Annabelle Lever British Journal of Political Science, 2010, 40 (4), pp.897 - 915 Article dans une revue hal-02506467v1
Democracy and Voting Annabelle Lever British Journal of Political Science, 2010, 40 (4), pp.925 - 929. ⟨10.1017/S0007123410000177⟩ Article dans une revue hal-02506507v1
Democracy and Judicial Review Annabelle Lever Perspectives on Politics, 2009, 7 (4), pp.805 - 822 Article dans une revue hal-02506458v1
Democratic Choice, Legitimacy and the Case Against Compulsory Voting Annabelle Lever Public Policy Research, 2009 Article dans une revue hal-03570202v1
Democracy and Judicial Review: Are They Really Incompatible? Annabelle Lever Perspectives on Politics, 2009, 7 (4), pp.805 - 822. ⟨10.1017/S1537592709991812⟩ Article dans une revue hal-03415656v1
Is Compulsory Voting Justified? Annabelle Lever Public reason, 2009, 1 (1), pp.57 - 74 Article dans une revue hal-03610090v1
Liberalism, Democracy and the Ethics of Voting Annabelle Lever Politics, 2009, 29 (3), pp.223 - 227. ⟨10.1111/j.1467-9256.2009.01359.x⟩ Article dans une revue hal-03602599v1
‘A Liberal Defence of Compulsory Voting’: Some Reasons for Scepticism Annabelle Lever Politics, 2008, 28 (1), pp.61 - 64 Article dans une revue hal-02506469v1
Mrs. Aremac and the Camera: A Response to Ryberg Annabelle Lever Res publica (Liverpool), 2008, 14 (1), pp.35 - 42 Article dans une revue hal-02506457v1
Mill and the Secret Ballot: Beyond Coercion and Corruption Annabelle Lever Utilitas, 2007, 19 (3), pp.354 - 378. ⟨10.1017/S0953820807002634⟩ Article dans une revue hal-03459646v1
Is Judicial Review Undemocratic? Annabelle Lever Public Law, 2007, pp.280 - 298 Article dans une revue hal-02506476v1
What’s Wrong with Racial profiling? Another Look at the Problem Annabelle Lever Criminal Justice Ethics, 2007, 26 (1), pp.20 - 28 Article dans une revue hal-02506494v1
Privacy Rights and Democracy: A Contradiction in Terms? Annabelle Lever Contemporary Political Theory, 2006, 5 (2), pp.142 - 162. ⟨10.1057/palgrave.cpt.9300187⟩ Article dans une revue hal-02506456v1
Why Racial Profiling is Hard to Justify Annabelle Lever Philosophy and Public Affairs, 2005, 33 (1), pp.94 - 110 Article dans une revue hal-02506500v1
Feminism, Democracy and the Right to Privacy Annabelle Lever Minerva, 2004, 9, pp.1 - 31 Article dans une revue hal-02506480v1
Ethics and the patenting of human genes Annabelle Lever Journal of Philosophy, Science and Law, 2001, 1 (1), pp.31 - 46 Article dans une revue hal-02506511v1
Must Privacy and Sexual Equality Conflict? Annabelle Lever Social Research: An International Quarterly, 2000, 67 (4), pp.1137 - 1171 Article dans une revue hal-02506482v1
The Politics of Paradox Annabelle Lever Constellations, 2000, 7 (2), pp.242 - 254. ⟨10.1111/1467-8675.00184⟩ Article dans une revue hal-02506485v1

Ouvrages (5)

Reconstructing Democracy in Times of Crisis: A Voter-Centred Perspective Annabelle Lever Pragma Publishing, 2023, RECONSTRUCTING DEMOCRACY IN TIMES OF CRISIS A Voter-Centred Perspective, Annabelle Lever, ⟨10.62483/73867875⟩ Ouvrages hal-04774577v1
Ideas That Matter: Justice, Democracy, Rights Debra Satz,Annabelle Lever Debra Satz; Annabelle Lever. Oxford University Press, pp.280, 2019, 9780190904951 Ouvrages hal-02161086v1
Routledge Handbook of Ethics and Public Policy Annabelle Lever,Andrei Poama Annabelle Lever; Andrei Poama. Routledge, pp.560, 2018, Routledge handbooks in applied ethics, 9781138201279 Ouvrages hal-02506510v1
A Democratic conception of privacy Annabelle Lever Author House, 2014, 9781491878385 Ouvrages hal-02506424v1
On Privacy Annabelle Lever Routledge, 2012, Thinking in Action, 9780415395700 Ouvrages hal-02506481v1

Chapitre d'ouvrage (25)

Justice In Global Intellectual Property Governance Annabelle Lever,Timmerman Cristian Justice in Global Economic Governance, pp.215-224, In press, http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.3366/jj.27775767. ⟨10.3366/jj.27775767.25⟩ Chapitre d'ouvrage hal-05270858v1
Opportunities for Citizens to Participate in Organising Elections in Europe Andreas Albertsen,Annabelle Lever Reconstructing Democracy in Times of Crisis: A Voter-Centred Perspective, Pragma Publishing, pp.267-284, 2023, ⟨10.62483/97304320⟩ Chapitre d'ouvrage hal-04774619v1
How Political Institutions Affect the Conflicts of Duty and Prudence Facing Democratic Voters Attila Mráz,Annabelle Lever annabelle lever. Reconstructing Democracy in Times of Crisis: A Voter-Centred Perspective, Pragma Publishing, pp.217-244, 2023, Reconstructing Democracy in Times of Crisis: A Voter-Centred Perspective, ⟨10.62483/87045204⟩ Chapitre d'ouvrage hal-04774610v1
Voter-Centred Perspectives on Electoral Democracy Attila Mráz,Annabelle Lever Annabelle Lever. Reconstructing Democracy in Times of Crisis: A Voter-Centred Perspective, Pragma Publishing, pp.151-186, 2023, Reconstructing Democracy in Times of Crisis: A Voter-Centred Perspective, ⟨10.62483/19430535⟩ Chapitre d'ouvrage hal-04774603v1
La démocratie et la sélection: tirage au sort, élections et l'égalité Annabelle Lever La Démocratie, une idée force, Mare et Martin, 2023, Démocratie, une idée force, 9782849347201 Chapitre d'ouvrage hal-03891030v1
Democratic Political Institutions in Europe Attila Mráz,Annabelle Lever Annabelle Lever. Reconstructing Democracy in Times of Crisis: A Voter-Centred Perspective, Pragma Communication, pp.7-52, 2023, ⟨10.62483/47046093⟩ Chapitre d'ouvrage hal-04774594v1
Justice in Global Intellectual Property Annabelle Lever,Cristian Timmermann Justice in Economic Governance, In press, 9781399530132 Chapitre d'ouvrage hal-03904989v1
Equality and Constitutionality Annabelle Lever Richard Bellamy; Jeff King. Cambridge Handbook of Constitutional Theory, Cambridge University Press, 2022, 9781108491310 Chapitre d'ouvrage hal-03366184v1
Towards a Political Philosophy of Human Rights Annabelle Lever Debra Satz; Annabelle Lever. Ideas that Matter, Oxford University Press, 2019, 9780190904951 Chapitre d'ouvrage hal-03397966v1
Should Voting Be Compulsory? Democracy and the Ethics of Voting Annabelle Lever,Alexandru Volacu Annabelle Lever; Andrei Poama. The Routledge Handbook of Ethics and Public Policy, Routledge, pp.242 - 254, 2018, 9781138201279 Chapitre d'ouvrage hal-02506504v1
La vie privée Annabelle Lever Julien Deonna; Emma Tieffenbach. Petit traité des valeurs, Éditions d'Ithaque, 2018, 9782916120911 Chapitre d'ouvrage hal-03567375v1
Racial Profiling Annabelle Lever Bob Fischer. Ethics, Left and Right: The Moral Issues That Divide Us, Oxford University Press, 2018 Chapitre d'ouvrage hal-03567401v1
Race and Racial Profiling Annabelle Lever Naomi Zack. The Oxford Handbook of Philosophy and Race, Oxford University Press, pp.425 - 435, 2017, 9780190236953 Chapitre d'ouvrage hal-02506478v2
Must We Vote for the Common Good? Annabelle Lever Emily Crookston; David Killoren; Jonathan Trerise. Political Ethics, Routledge, pp.145 - 156, 2017, 9781315678443 Chapitre d'ouvrage hal-02506484v1
Equality and Conscience Annabelle Lever Cécile Laborde; Aurélia Bardon. Religion in Liberal Political Philosophy, Oxford University Press, pp.233 - 248, 2017, 9780198794394 Chapitre d'ouvrage hal-02506491v1
Democracy, Privacy and Security Annabelle Lever Adam D Moore. Privacy, Security and Accountability, Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, pp.105 - 124, 2016, 9781783484768 Chapitre d'ouvrage hal-02506502v1
Privacy, Democracy and Freedom of Expression Annabelle Lever Beate Roessler; Dorota Mokrosinska. Social Dimensions of Privacy, Cambridge University Press, pp.162 - 180, 2015, 9781107280557 Chapitre d'ouvrage hal-02506498v1
Honte et vie privée Annabelle Lever André Lacroix; Jean-Jacques Sarfati. La honte, Le Cercle Herméneutique, pp.129-148, 2014, 9782917957288 Chapitre d'ouvrage hal-02506460v1
The value of privacy Annabelle Lever A Democratic Conception of Privacy, Author House Self Publishing, pp.51-89, 2013, 9781491878385 Chapitre d'ouvrage hal-02506493v2
Democracy, deliberation and public service reform Annabelle Lever Henry Kippin; Gerald Stoker; Simon Griffiths. Public Services, Bloomsbury Publishing, 2013, 9781849665940 Chapitre d'ouvrage hal-03397887v1
Privacy, Equality and the Ethics of Neuroimaging Annabelle Lever Sebastian Edwards. I Know What You Are Thinking: Brain Imaging and Mental Privacy, Oxford University Press, pp.205 - 222, 2012, 9780199596492 Chapitre d'ouvrage hal-02506464v1
Introduction Annabelle Lever Annabelle Lever. On Privacy, Routledge; Routledge, 2012, 9780415395700 Chapitre d'ouvrage hal-02506486v2
Introduction - Philosophy of Intellectual Property: Incentives, Rights and Duties Annabelle Lever Annabelle Lever. New frontiers in the philosophy of intellectual property, Cambridge University Press, pp.1-25, 2012, Cambridge Intellectual Property and Information Law Chapitre d'ouvrage hal-02506501v1
Privacy and Democracy Annabelle Lever Annabelle Lever. On Privacy, Routledge; Routledge, 2012, 9780415395700 Chapitre d'ouvrage hal-02506468v1
Is It Ethical To Patent Human Genes? Annabelle Lever Axel Gosseries; Alain Marciano; Alain Strowel. Intellectual Property and Theories of Justice, Palgrave Macmillan, 2008, 9780230007093 Chapitre d'ouvrage hal-02506466v1

Article de blog scientifique (3)

Reviving Electoral Democracy Annabelle Lever 2024 Article de blog scientifique hal-04774557v1
Citizen Assemblies and the Challenges of Democracy Annabelle Lever 2023 Article de blog scientifique hal-03891036v1
Plaidoyer pour la déconstruction Annabelle Lever 2022 Article de blog scientifique hal-03891037v1

Traduction (1)

On Privacy Annabelle Lever 2023 Traduction hal-04077929v1

Autre publication scientifique (3)

Bastille Magazine: Peut-on sauver la démocratie ? engl version Annabelle Lever 2024 Autre publication scientifique hal-04774564v1
Les Assemblées Citoyennes et le Défis de la Démocratie Annabelle Lever 2022 Autre publication scientifique hal-03905000v1
Vote obligatoire Annabelle Lever 2013 Autre publication scientifique hal-03460808v1